The Introduction of Western Weapons in Dai Viet during the 17th - 18th centuries

Abstract

The 17^th - 18^th centuries marked a significant period of diversity in Vietnamese history, defined by the enduring Trinh - Nguyen rivalry throughout the century. By the late 18^th century, conflict persisted with battles between the Tay Son dynasty and Nguyen Anh’s forces. Meanwhile, foreign threats and infringements on independence and sovereignty were also a concern but in fact existed. The government of the Nguyen Lords in Cochinchina successfully defeated the Dutch in 1643, the British in 1702 - 1703 and 1706 - 1707, or the Tay Son government against the Siamese and Qing armed forces at the end of the 18th century, supporting the statement mentioned above. To address these challenges, the monarchies that managed different areas of Dai Viet territory from the 17^th to 18^th centuries sought to enhance their military and defense capacities, stabilize internal affairs, and safeguard national independence and sovereignty. One of the measures employed by these political forces was the acquisition of military technology from European nations through various methods, paving the way for the gradual introduction of Western weapons in Vietnam during this period.